2017年成人高考专升本英语考试真题及答案解析
第1卷(选择题，共125分)
I.Phonetics(5points)
Directions:Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords,therearefourunderlinedlettersorlettercombinationsmarkedA,B,CandD.Comparetheunderlinedpartsandiden-tifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
1.A.penaltyB.momentC.quarrelD.absent
2.A.sympathyB.materialC.courageD.analysis
3.A.starvationB.suggestionC.satisfactionD.situation
4.A.donkeyB.turkeyC.moneyD.obey
5.A.reviseB.consistC.advertiseD.visit
Ⅱ.VocabularyandStructure(15points)
Directions:Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
6.JonathanandJoeleftthehousetogofor__aftersupper.
A.walkB.thewalk
C.wallksD.awalk
7.Hepointedatthenewcarandasked,\”___isit?Haveyoueverseenitbefore?\”
A.WhyB.Where
C.WhoD.Whose
8.Myfatherasked__tohelpwithhiswork.
A.IandTomB.Tomandme
C.meandTomD.TomandI
9.Nowadayslittleknowledge__tobeadangerousthing.
A.seemB.seemed
C.doesseemD.doseem
10.Iftheirmarketingteamsucceeds,they__theirprofitsby20percent.
A.willincreaseB.wouldbeincreasing
C.willhaveincreasedD.wouldhavebeenincreasing
11.You\’dbettertakethesedocumentswithyou__youneedthemforthemeeting.
A.unlessB.incase
C.untilD.sothat
12.Ihaven\’tbeentoapopfestivalbeforeandMikehasn\’t__
A.tooB.aswell
C.neitherD.either
13.__isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainwasagreatAmericanwriter.
A.AsB.Once
C.ThatD.It
14.Johncomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages______inthedictionary.
A.lackingB.losing
C.missingD.dropping
15.Notuntilthegamehadbegun__atthesportsground.
A.shouldhehavearrivedB.wouldhehavearrived
C.didhearriveD.hadhearrived
16.Moviegoersknowthatmanyspecialeffectsarecreatedbycomputers,theyoftendon\’tknowisthatthesescenesstillrequirealotofwork.
A.ThatB.Whom
C.WhatD.How
17.Thepresidentistogiveaformal__attheopeningceremony.
A.speechB.debate
C.discussionD.argument
18.WhenIamconfrontedwithsuchquestions,mymindgoes__,andIcanhardlyremembermyowndateofbirth.
A.faintB.blank
C.darkD.blind
19.Iftheyarewillingtolendusthemoneyweneed,allourproblemswillbe__
A.solvedB.caused
C.coveredD.met
20.Thisarticle__moreattentiontotheproblemofculturalconflicts.
A.caresforB.allowsfor
C.appliesforD.callsfor
Ⅲ.Cloze(30points)
Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B0CandD.ChoosetheonethatismostsuitableandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Whatenablessomepeopletogetbigcreativebreakthroughswhileothersonlygetsmallandnon-creativebreakdowns,blamingthemselvesandsociety?Aresomepeople\”gifted\”?Arethereotherfactors21work–factorsthatwehavemorecontroloverthanwethink?
Whilenobodycandenythe22thatsomepeopleseemtobeblessedwithparticularcreativity,researchshowsthatanyonecan23theirchancesofcomingupwithnewandoriginalideas24theywouldonlyengagethemselvesmoreintheprocessof25.It\’stheoldThomasEdisonthingabout\”discovery2699percentperspiration(汗水)and1percentinspiration.\”
27,thestudiesprovethis:greatcreativebreakthroughsusuallyhappenonly28intenseperiodsofstruggle.Itissustainedefforttowardsaspecificgoal29eventuallypreparesforgreatcreativeinsights.
Thiskindofsustainedeffortdoesnotalways30immediateresults,afactthatnotonlyseparatestheinnovators(革新者)fromnon-innovators,but31leadssomepeopletoconcludethatitisjustnot32forthem.\”MaybeIshouldhavegonetomedicalschoollikemymotherwanted,\”theywonderwhenthebreakthroughis33tobefound.Alas,oneforgetsduringinevitableencounters34self-doubt,thatthebigsurpriseisnever35.Indeed,itcanhappenatanytimeandplace.
21.A.toB.inC.atD.by
22.A.issueB.problemC.reasonD.fact
23.A.missB.reduceC.increaseD.lose
24.A.becauseB.ifC.whileD.whether
25.A.creationB.practiceC.productionD.achievement
26.A.beingB.beC.wasD.were
27.A.Soonerorlater
B.Somedayorother
C.Everynowandthen
D.Timeandagain
28.A.beyondB.afterC.aboveD.through
29.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.as
30.A.createB.produceC.inspireD.encourage
31.A.tooB.onceC.againD.also
32.A.goodB.difficultC.possibleD.stupid
33.A.anywhereB.everywhereC.somewhereD.nowhere
34.A.againstB.acrossC.withD.into
35.A.farawayB.usedupC.clearedoffD.nearby
IV.ReadingComprehension(60points)
Directions:Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
Debateisavaluablewaytopractisecommunicating.Itcanalsobringlong-lastingrewards,especiallyforpeopleworkingwithWesternbusinesses.Themainactivityofdebateispresentingone\’sopinionandsuppmtingitwithevidence,suchasstatisticsorfacts.Itisawayofpersuasivecommunication.
CharlesLebeauhelpedcreatethe\”DiscoverDebate\”method.HesaysdebateisimportanttounderstandinghowpeoplecommunicateinWesternbusiness.Successfuldebaterslearnhowtogivetheiropinkm,reasansandsupport.\”Whatwearetryingtodoistodevelopakindofthinkingorapproachtodiscussionandhowtointeract(交流)withsomeoneelse\’sopinion,ratherthanbrushtheiropinionaside.\”
Debateskillsarealsoimportantinsellingaproduct,hesays.Inthatsituation,thejudgesarethecustomem.\”SoonMonday,forexample,onecompanymaycomeinandpresenttheircasetothecustomerandthey\”llmakeasstrongaeaseastheycan.OnTuesday,thenextday,anothercompanywillcomeinandpresenttheireasetothecustomer.Usuallythepartythatcanpresentthestrongestcasewins”
Debatealsostrengthenscriticalthinking.Inotherwords,ithelpsstudentslearntoaskquestionsandtrytounderstandsomeone\’sreasonsandevidence.lift-.Lebeaupointsoutthatsuccessfuldebaterslearntolistencarefullytowhatotherpeoplearesaying.Then,theylookfortheweakpointsinsomeoneelse\’sopinionorargument.Hesaysdebateteachesasystematicwayofquestioning.
Successfuldebatersalsolearntothinkfromsomeoneelse\’spointofview.Mr.Lebeausaysdebatecanhelpbroadenthemind.\”There\’sanexpressioninEnglish:don\’tcriticizeanotherpersonbeforeyouhavewalkedintheirshoes.Ithinkthewonderfulthingaboutdebateis,itputsusinanotherperson\’sshoes.\”
36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatisthepurposeofdebate?
A.Tobringlong-lastingmaterialrewards.
B.Topresentevidencesuchasstatisticsandfacts.
C.Torespondtoquestionsinasystematicway.
D.Topersuadepeopletoacceptyouropinions.
37.Whyisdebateimportant.9
A.Ithelpspeopleunderstandothersbetter.
B.Itallowspeopletopresenttheiropinions.
C.Itdevelopsone\’sthinkingandcommunicativecompetence.
D.Itgivesonetheopportunitytobrushothers\’opinionaside.
38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword\”case\”inParagraph3referto?
A.Container.B.Evidence.
C.Problem.D.Product.
39.Whatcandebatersbenefitfrom\”walkinginanotherperson\’sshoes\”.9
A.Becomingmorebroad-minded.B.Developingcriticalthinking.
C.Findingothers\’weakpoints.D.Tryingoutothers\’methods.
PassageTwo
Weallloveahero,andrescuedogsaresomeofthebiggestheroesofall.Youwilloftenfindthemgoingaboveandbeyonddutytosavesomeone,risking–andattimeslosing–theirlivesintheprocess.
RescuedogsaregenerallyfoundintheSportingandHuntingGroups,orfromthetraditionalHerdingGroup.ThesetypesincludetheBloodhound,LabradorRetriever,Newfoundland,GermanShepherd,GoldenRetriever,andBelgianMalinois–allofwhicharechosenforsearch-and-rescuedutybecauseoftheiramazingphysicalstrength,loyalty,andtheirtendencyformentalstability.
Thesetypesalsohaveakeensenseofhearingandsmell–tobetterlocatelostindividuals—andareoftenabletoaccesshard-to-reachareas.Ashighlytrainedanimals,theyserveinmanydifferentfields,includingspecialistsearch,snowsliderescue,deadbodylocation,andtracking.
Toovercomeobstaclesandsucceedwhenperformingthedemandingdutiesofasearch-and-rescueworker,adogmustdisplaycertainqualities.Inadditiontointelligenceandstrength,thedogmustbeswift,confident,easilytrainable,adaptable,andhaveahighlevelofstamina(耐力)andendurance.
Astrongsenseofgroupcooperationandanabilitytoengageinfriendlyplayduring\”down\”timeisalsorequiredofsearch-and-rescuedogs.
Arescuedoggoesthroughmany,manyhoursofintensivetrainingtobefitforduty.Trainingisnotforthefaint-hearted.Certificationtrainingcantakefromtwotothreeyears,workingthreetofourhoursaday,threetosixdaysaweek,ofteningroup,team-orientedsessions.
Eachsearch-and-rescuefieldrequiresdifferenttypesoftraining.Rescuetraining,forinstance,includes\”airscenting\”–wheredogsaretrainedtosmelltheairforthevictim\’sscent(气味)andthenfollowthescenttotheperson.Thisabilityiscrucialtofindingvictimstrappedundercollapsedbuildingsandsnowslide.
40.Rescuedogsarechosenprobablybecause__
A.theyareloyalB.theyarebrave
C.theyhaveamazingappearancesD.theyhavegoodeyesight
41.Whatdoes\”faint-hearted\”inParagraph5mean??
A.Courageous.B.Cowardly.
C.Energetic.D.Slow.
42.Whichabilityismostimportantfordogstorescuepeopletrappedinsnow?
A.Sharphearing.B.Swiftmovement.
C.Extraordinarysmelling.D.Astrongmemory.
43.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Selectionprocessofrescuedogs.
B.Qualitiesandtrainingofrescuedogs.
C.Risksrescuedogsarefacedwith.
D.Typesoftasksrescuedogscanperform.
PassageThree
Eatinganappleadaydoesn\’tkeepthedoctoraway,butitdoesreducetheamountoftripsyoumaketothedrugstoreperyear.That\’saccordingtoanewstudythatinvestigateswhetherthere\’sanytruthintheoldsaying.
AteamofresearchersledbyDrMatthewDavis,oftheUniversityofMichiganSchoolofNursing,asked8,399participantstoanswersurveyquestionsaboutdietandhealth.Atotalof753wereappleeaters,consumingatleast149gofrawappleperday.Theremaining7,646wereclassedasnon-appleeaters.Whenbothgroupsansweredquestionsontripstothedoctorandtripstothedrugstoreperyear,theappleeaterswerefoundtobe27%lesslikelytovisitthedruggistfordrugs.
Tripstothedoctorwerenotsignificantlyaffectedbyappleconsumption,though.\”Evidencedoesnotsupportthatanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.However,thesmallnumberofUSadultswhoeatanappleadaydoesappeartousefewerprescriptionmedications,\”thestudyconcludes.
Appleeaterswerealsofoundtobelesslikelytosmokeandbemorelikelytohaveahighereducationalattainmentthannon-appleeaters.Whileapplesdonotcompetewithoranges,theydocontainsomeimmune(免疫的)system-increasingvitaminC,whichmaybewhyapple-eatersvisitthedruggistless.Withover8mgofvitaminCpermedium-sizedfruit,anapplecanprovideroughly14%yourdailyrecommendedintake.
PreviousstudieshavealsolinkedappleconsumptiontoalowerriskofType2diabetes(二型糖尿病),improvedlungfunctionandalowerriskofcolon(结肠)cancer.
44.Howmanynon-appleeatersansweredsurveyquestionsintheresearch?
A.149.
B.7,646.
C.753.
D.8,399.
45.Whatistheconclusionofthestudy?
A.AppleconsumptionhasgreatlyreducedUSadults\’tripstothedoctor.
B.Anappleadaydoeskeepthedoctoraway.
C.Applesarefarmorenutritiousthanoranges.
D.AsmallnumberofUSadultappleeaterstendtotakelessmedicine.
46.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Applesarebetterthanoranges.
B.ApplesdohavesomevitaminCtoincreasetheimmunesystem.
C.Applescanhelpcurecertaindiseases.
D.Applescanprovidepeoplewithsufficientdailyintakeofenergy.
47.Whatcanbedescribedasthewritingstyleofthispassage?
A.Objective.
B.Creative.
C.subjective
D.persuasive
PassageFour
SometimesIscratchmyheadwhenIreadaboutthegovernment\’seffortstoimproveschools:newstandardsandteststobeapplied,strictteacherevaluations,andthreatsofschoolclosuresandjoblosses.Theyfrightentheschoolemployees,nottomentionthestudents.Insteadofmakingpeopleunabletosolveproblemsortrynewideas–whichiswhatfeardoestous–researchonschoolreformstronglysuggeststhatpolicy-makersshouldencourageschoolleaderstotakeamorehumaneapproach.IntheirstudyonthereformeffortsoftwelveChicagopublicschools,BrykandSchneiderfoundthatenablingpositivesocialrelationshipsbetweentheadultswasthekeytosuccessfulschoolimprovementandthattrustwasattheheartofthoserelationships.
Trustinschoolscomesdowntoonething:psychologicalsafetyorsafetytospeakone\’smind,todiscusswithopennessandhonestywhatisandisn\’tworking,tomakecollectivedecisions.
Yetthiskindofsafetydoesn\’tcomeeasilytoschools.AccordingtoBrykandSchneider,theadultsinschoolrelyoneachothertodotheirjobscorrectlyandwithintegrity(正直).Thechalleageisthatourexpectationsareverydiversebasedonouruniquebackgrounds.
AtoneschoolwhereItaught,eachteacherhaddifferentexpectationsabouthowmucheffortteachersshouldputintotheirwork–abigdifferencebetweentheteacherswholeftaf~thelastbellandthosewhoworkedintotheevening.Andwhenexpectationsareuncoasciorunspoken,itbecomesimpossibleforotherstoliveuptothem.
Wealsomakeassumptionsabouttheintentionsbehindaperson\’sbehavior.AsweallImam,assumptionsareoftenwrong.Forexample,parentsandteachersmythinktheprincipaltamlparticulardecisionbasedonhiscareeradvancementratherthanhat\”sbestforthestudeata.don\’tfeelpsychologicallysafetoquestionourassumptionsande~aecmtiatm,trustitieaamthewindowandourrelationshipssuffer.
48.AccordingtoParagraph1,whydoestheauthorscratchhishead?
A.Becausehedoesn\’tknowwhattodoonceschoolsareclosed.
B.Becauseheisnotsureaboutthepracticabilityofthosenewtests.
C.Becauseheisconcernedthatmanyteacherswilllosetheirjobs.
D.Becauseheisnotinfavorofthegovernment\’sreformefforts.
49.AccordingtoBrykandSchneider,whatwasmostimportantforsuccessfulschoolimprovemt?
A.Newstandardsandtestsinschools.
B.Positivesocialrelationships.
C.Strictteacherandstudentevaluations.
D.Assistanceofthegovernment.
50.Whatismeantbytrustinschool?
A.Freedomtoexpressone\’sviews,
B.Extraeffortteachersputintotheirwork.
C.Independenceoftheteachersinschools.
D.Unconsciousandunspokenexpectations.
51.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheassumptionsmadeabouttheintentionsbehindaperson\’sbehavior?
A.Theyshouldbetrusted.
B.Theyareoftenbold.
C.Theyareoftenincorrect.
D.Theyshouldbeencouraged.
PassageFive
AninterestingprojectcalledBlueZonesisrecordingthelifestylesecretsofthecommunitieswiththehighest,hestconcentrationsofcentenariansintheworld.
ThepeopleinthefiveregionsinEurope,LatinAmerica,AsiaandtheUSthatlivetobe100havealotgoingforthem.Genesprobablyplayasmallrole,butthesefolksalsohavestrongsocialties,tightly-knitfamiliesandlotsofopportunitiestoexercise.
AswewereexaminingthedietarysecretsoftheBlueZones,asdescribedinauthorDanBuettner\”slatestbook,TheBlueZonesSolution,wewerestruckbyhowessentialteadrinkingisintheseregions.Infact,Buettner\’sBlueZonesBeverageRule–akindofguidelinesummarizedfromhis15orsoyearsofstudyingtheseplaces–is:\”Drinkcoffeeforbreakfast,teaintheafternoon,wineat5p.tm\”
Sciencehasplentytosayaboutthehealthfulvirtuesofgreentea.Researchersaremostenthusi-asticalmtthecomponentsingreentea,aswellasfoodslikecocoa.WhymighttheyhelpsomanyOkina~vansinJapanbreak1007Somecomponentsingreenteacanlowertheriskofstroke,heartdiseaseattdseveralcancers.Onereviewstudyalsofoundthatdrinkinggreenteacanslightlyimprovemetabolism(新陈代谢).
IfyoufindyourselfontheislandofIkaria,theGreekBlueZoneinthemiddleoftheAegean,youwon\’tbeofferedanyteamadewithtealeaves.Instead,Ikarianstypicallymaketheirdailycupofteawithjustonefreshherbthattheyhavepickedthemselvesthatday–eitherrosemary,wildsage,oregano,nmrjotmn,mintordandelion,allplantsthatmayhaveanti-inflammatory(消炎的)properties,
whichmayhelplowerbloodpressure.ThiscouldexplainIkaria\’sverylowdementia(痴呆)rate,sincehighbloodpressureisariskfactorforthedisease.
52.Whatdoestheunderlinedword\”centenarians\”inParagraph1referto?
A.Peoplewhohavesecretlifestyles.
B.Peoplewhoenjoyphysicalexercise.
C.Peoplewhoareonehundredyearsoldorolder.
D.Peoplewhocarrythegeneforbeingslim.
53.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatistherecommendedtimeforteadrinking?
A.Inthemorning.B.Anytimeofaday.
C.Intheearlyevening.D.Intheafternoon.
54.WhatmaytheteaIkariansdrinkdailyhelp?
A.Toimprovemetabolism.B.Tolowerbloodpressure.
C.Tolowerlifestress.D.Toimprovesocialrelationships.
55.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Tea-DrinkingTipsB.LifestyleSecretsofIkarians
C.Tea-DrinkingCeremonyinOkinawaD.BlueZonesSolutions
Ⅴ.DailyConversation(15points)
Directions:PickoutappropriateexpressionsfromtheeightchoicesbelowandcompletethefollowingdialoauebyblackeninathecorresuondinaletterontheAnswerSheet.
Woman:Hello,Mr.Johnson\’soffice.
Man:Goodmorning.56?
Woman:Sorry,he\’sinameetingatthemoment.57?
Man:Yes.ThisisSteveLeefromBrightlightSystems.58?
Woman:Tomorrowafternooninyouroffice.
Man:59
Woman:Okay.60
Man:Thankyou.
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共25分)
Ⅵ.Writing(25points)
Directions:Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteanessayinEnglishin100-120wordsbasedonthefollowinginformation.Remembertowriteitclearly.
61.你(LiYuan)组织同学进行了一次烧烤野餐(barbecue)。请给你的英国朋友Tim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
·野餐前的准备。
·野餐过程。